![]() ![]() " Nativity", meaning "birth", is from Latin nātīvitās. The Anglo-Saxons referred to the feast as "midwinter", or, more rarely, as Nātiuiteð (from Latin nātīvitās below). In addition to "Christmas", the holiday has been known by various other names throughout its history. This abbreviation has precedent in Middle English Χρ̄es masse (where "Χρ̄" is an abbreviation for Χριστός). Xmas is an abbreviation of Christmas found particularly in print, based on the initial letter chi (Χ) in Greek Khrīstos (Χριστός), "Christ", though numerous style guides discourage its use. The term derives from Middle English Cristenmasse, meaning "Christian mass". The form Christenmas was also historically used, but is now considered archaic and dialectal. Crīst ( genitive Crīstes) is from Greek Khrīstos (Χριστός), a translation of Hebrew Māšîaḥ (מָשִׁיחַ), " Messiah", meaning "anointed" and mæsse is from Latin missa, the celebration of the Eucharist. The word is recorded as Crīstesmæsse in 1038 and Cristes-messe in 1131. "Christmas" is a shortened form of " Christ's mass".
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